Genesis Biolabs currently has labeled primers pairs for measuring fragment
sizes in human forensic tests, but most combinations of these primers,
containing more than four primer pairs, have been patented by Promega
Corporation. As we develop primer sets for measuring Y-chromosome markers
and for forensic tests in various animal species, we will make those
primers sets available for sale. We do currently offer the labeled primer
set for measuring fragment sizes in the "Ruthlessness gene", AVPR1a. This
primer set is labeled with HEX, a fluorescent label. Other primers we use
are labeled with FAM and a Danish replacement dye similar to the
fluorescent label NED. These labels are geared for accurate detection on
the Applied Biosystems 3730xl DNA Analyzer.
Multiple PCR reactions can be run in a single reaction tube simultaneously.
In a forensic DNA test, it is the exact size of the PCR products that is
important. Measuring exact fragment sizes is possible using a
polyacrylamide gel, but this is time consuming and expensive. Modern DNA
analyzers can provide sequences and exact fragment sizes relatively quickly
and inexpensively (once you get past the $200,000 cost of the analyzer!)
This requires that each PCR product be labeled with a fluorescent label.
Fragments with overlapping size ranges can be amplified simultaneously
using different fluorescent labels.
We do not sell primers for detection of Hereditary Hemochromatosis or
Leprosy Susceptibility. While we complete PCR reactions for these genes,
detection of the genotype requires a subsequent sequencing reaction at each
target site to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms. The primers we use
are standard, non-fluorescently labeled primers, taken from the published
consensus human genome. The "Ruthlessness Gene" is a unique case in that
the size of a short tandem repeat in the promoter region is entirely
responsible for observed changes in gene expression level. Measuring exact
fragment size is sufficient to determine the genotype.
Labeled Primer Sets:
Order the "Ruthlessness Gene" PCR primers $49
You will receive enough fluorescently labeled PCR primers for 10 x 50ul
reactions. You will need to provide the DNA polymerase, the dNTPs, all the
other materials and the PCR machine, but we can sell you our "Ruthlessness
gene" primers. You will need to take your PCR products to someone with an
Applied Biosystems DNA analyzer or one of the other DNA analyzers than can
detect the HEX fluorescent dye. We will give you some recommendations on
the best reaction conditions and interpretation of results.
References:
-
Feder JN, Gnirke A, Thomas W ...
(1996) A novel MHC class 1-like gene is mutated in patients with hereditary
hemochromatosis, Nature Genetics, 13: 399-408
- Marcelo T. Mira et al ... (2004)
Susceptibility to leprosy is associated with PARK2 and PACRG, Nature 427,
636-640
- Malhotra D, Darvishi K, Lohra M, Kumar H, Grover C, Sood S, et al.
Association study of major risk single nucleotide polymorphisms in the
common regulatory region of PARK2 and PACRG genes with leprosy in an Indian
population. European Journal of Human Genetics 2006;14:438-42. - A. Knafo et al ... (2008) Individual
differences in allocation of funds in the dictator game associated with
length of the arginine vasopressin 1a receptor RS3 promoter region and
correlation between RS3 length and hippocampal mRNA; Genes, Brain and
Behavior Volume 7 Issue 3 Page 266-275, April 2008
- Michael Hopkin (2008)
'Ruthlessness gene' discovered, Dictatorial behaviour may be partly
genetic, study suggests. NatureNews doi:10.1038/news.2008.738
- Hammock,
E.A. & Young, L.J. (2005) Microsatellite instability generates diversity in
brain and sociobehavioral traits. Science, 308, 1630-1634.
